Why does clay soil make paver base work so important?
Red clay swells when wet and shrinks when dry. That movement can lift and drop a surface placed right on top of it. Clay also drains slowly, so water can sit under a patio and soften the ground. The fix is a properly built base.
A typical paver base includes:
- Excavation to remove topsoil and soft material
- Compacted crushed stone in layers, often several inches deep, and deeper where vehicles or heavy loads are involved
- A thin leveling layer of sand or fine stone for the pavers
- Edge restraints to keep the paver field from spreading
- Joint sand between pavers to lock them together
The finished surface should slope slightly away from the house, so water runs off rather than collecting against the foundation. In low areas, we may add drains or a gravel trench. Richmond sees heavy summer thunderstorms, so water control is part of the build, not an add-on.

